It is known as jhum in northeasten india, podu in odisha, andhra pradesh and some southern indian states. The jhum cultivation practices were closely studied right from land. The impacts of shifting cultivation on tropical forest soil scielo. The practice involves clearing vegetativeforest cover on landslopes of hills, drying and burning it before onset of monsoon and cropping on it thereafter. Shifting cultivation, livelihood and food security. This is very essential for the fertility of the land. A short film about variant of jhum cultivation practiced in nagaland which is sustainable and does not involve tree felling. Tribal people perceived the jhum cultivation practices as. The shifting cultivation control programme of the government starting in mid fifties. Sustainability of jhum cultivation as perceived by the.
Shifting cultivation is a type of cultivation in which an area is cultivated temporarily for a period of time which differs from place to place and then abandoned for some time so that it restores nutrients in the plot naturally. It uses java swing and java software synthesizer, and aims to be the simplest possible score editor. Pdf jhumshifting cultivation is traditional landuse practice of. Shifting cultivation is an organic type of agriculture which is characterized by. Jhum shifting cultivation is a primitive practice of cultivation in states of north eastern hill region of india and people involved in such cultivation are called jhumia. Private ownership of production means and free enterprise became new. Jhum or jhoom cultivation is a local name for slash and burn agriculture practiced by the tribal groups in the northeastern states of india like arunachal pradesh, meghalaya, mizoram and nagaland and also in the districts of bangladesh like khagrachari and sylhet. It is also alternatively called as slash and burn method of cultivation.
The downed vegetation, or slash, is then left to dry, usually right before the rainiest part of the year. It is, however, reported that jhum cycle has been reduced particularly in eastern part of state, and the state has lowest yield per hectare from jhum cultivation among the north eastern states, estimated at 702 kg. Jhum cultivation which is popularly known as shifting cultivation is one of the oldest types of cultivation practices of india and is practiced majorly in the northeastern states of india. In 1957, the fao declared shifting cultivation the most serious land use problem in the tropical world. While this farming method has been widely argued as environmentally destructive and. Slashandburn agriculture, also called firefallow cultivation, is a farming method that involves the cutting and burning of plants in a forest or woodland to create a field called a swidden.
Pdf sustainability of jhum cultivation as perceived by. The sowing season for jhum fields are usually done during the month of february and march. The structure of jhum traditional shifting cultivation system. Shifting cultivation systems scs and their impacts on soil and vegetation have. Initially, the vegetation or the forest on the land is cleared where the. Taskforce report on shifting cultivation in india, ministry of agriculture, govt. Pdf the structure of jhum traditional shifting cultivation system. Shifting cultivation and sustainable development of. Area under jhum cultivation significantly reduced in. Free download ncert solutions for class 8 history at byjus. A jhum field near merangkong village under mokokchung district in nagaland. Your use of this pdf, the bioone complete website, and all posted and associated content indicates your. Pdf sustainability of jhum cultivation as perceived by the tribal.
Ncert solutions for class 8 history social science chapter. The method begins by cutting down the trees and woody plants in an area. Shifting cultivation, livelihood and food security iwgia. Shifting cultivation and sustainable development of north.
The challenges of adopting innovative agricultural practices. This cultivation has a particular pattern that has to be followed according to the cycle or the period of jhum cultivation. Shifting cultivation is often described as traditional, inflexible and outdated. In line with the centres stress on conventional methods of cultivation, the state with a 72 per cent forest cover had been able to reduce the total area under jhum cultivation from 1,10,000. Jhum or podu or shifting or slash and burn cultivation is one of the primitive practise of agriculture systems. Is the diversity of shifting cultivation held in high enough esteem in. Ncert solutions for class 8 social science history chapter 4 tribals, dikus and the vision of a golden age in pdf form. Sustainability of jhum cultivation as perceived by the tribal people of tripura jayasree datta1, n r gangadharappa2 and amit debnath3 1 icar research complex for neh region, tripura center. Jhum or shifting cultivation is still prevalent in many of the mountain communities in northeast india. Jhum shifting cultivation is traditional landuse practice of north east region of india, is an ecologically and economically viable system of agriculture as long as population densities are low. Prospect or threat to climate article pdf available september 2015 with 205 reads how we measure reads.
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